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New words and expressions 生词短语

professional n. 职业的

hobby n. 业余爱好

cast a fly 垂钓

govern vt. 治理

grave a. 严重的

inadequately ad. 不充分地

devoted a. 热心的

incurable a. 不可救药的

discount vt. 看轻

entity n. 存在，本质

quality n. 品质

realm n. 王国

privilege n. 特权

cultivate vt. 培养

eccentricity n. 怪癖

diplomatic service 外交部门

adequacy n. 适当

sufficiently ad. 充分地

disbelieve vt. 不相信

excessive a. 过分的

neotism n. 裙带关系

mystic a. 神秘的

narrowness n. 狭隘

estate n. 社会阶层

realism n. 现实主义adjust vt. 使适应

relevant a. 有关的difference n. 差异

1.professional n. 职业的 通常略写为 prof [反]amateur

[辨异]profession, occupation, job

profession “专业”，强调 highly skilled/highly educated, such as lawyer, doctor,

IT engineer,

architect

occupation: normal and general, everybody can have an occupation.

job 不仅指工作，还可以表示干活，例如家务活。

You did a good job.

[注意]technical/vocational school 职业学校

2.cultivate vt. 培养 [同]nurture, develop, foster

cultivate a hobby/habit

He is well cultivated/educated/bred/trained. 他很有教养。

3.hobby n. 业余爱好

[辨异]mania, hobby, pastime, diversion

mania 颠狂，狂热，癖好 hobby n. 业余爱好

pastime 消遣diversion 消遣，指转移注意力，换换脑筋。

4.eccentricity n. 怪癖 [同]odd

eccentric 古怪的，怪癖的

concentric 同轴的，同心的

[辨异]eccentric, outlandish, grotesqueeccentric 古怪的，怪癖的

outlandish 异国风味的,奇异的,古怪的outlandishclothes 奇装异服

grotesque 怪诞的，艺术、美术、文学中的怪异派、怪异的作品

5.cast a fly 垂钓[同]go fishing, on the Fishing trip(悠闲垂钓)

cast a net 撒网，为了生存捕鱼

6.diplomatic service 外交部门

airline service 航空公司travel service/agency 旅行社

diplomacy 外交 diplomat 外交官

He is a diplomat. 他是一个左右逢源的人。He is a philosopher.

他是一个夸夸其谈的人。

7.govern vt. 治理

government/governing body 政府governor 州长

governess 女家教benevolent government 仁政

8.adequacy n. 适当 [同]sufficient [反]inadequate

He often doubts his adequacy as a father.

=He often doubts whether he is adequate as a father.

他常常怀疑他是不是够格做父亲。

[辨异]deficient, sparse, meager

deficient 没有足够的，缺乏的

sparse 稀少meager 贫乏的,不充分的,不足的The food is meager for winter.

9.grave a. 严重的

[同]solemn, serious, severe have one foot in the grave来日不多了

grave situation 严峻的形势 gravity 地球引力，严重

10.disbelieve vt. 不相信

dis- 多做动词的反义词disappear 消失disbelieve 不相信

11.devoted a. 热心的

[同]committed, dedicated

devote v.devote oneself to sthbe devoted to sth

[注意]to 后面一定要用名词或动名词

He devoted himself to researches.

He is devoted to researches. 他致力于研究。

She is devoted to her children.她太溺爱孩子了。

这里，devoted 相当于 spoil, pamper

12.excessive a. 过分的

[同]immoderate [反]moderate

Excessive studying bores/tires me.

过多的学习使我厌倦/疲惫不堪。

Excessive smoking harms/does harm to the

health.

过度吸烟有害健康。

Excessive smoking is dangerous.

extreme 极端的

13.incurable a. 不可救药的

cure 治疗

cure sb 为某人治病

cure sb of 治某人的……病

curable 可治疗的

to breathe one’s last 奄奄一息

He is beyond cure/remedy.

他不行了/不可救了。

引申为他不可救药了。=He is rotten to the

core.

People heat him to death.

人们都恨死他了。

I’m hungry to death.

我都快饿死了。

[注意]不能说成 I starve to death.

14.neotism n. 裙带关系

It means giving of favors to his

relatives/relations by a person/man in the high

position or promoting the people closest to

him

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